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Reverb reflection graph8/17/2023 The stream of continuing sound is called reverberation, and past the point of discernible early reflections is often referred to as late reverberation. ![]() ![]() Because the reflected sound may continue to bounce off of many surfaces, the early reflections become more dense, and eventually a continuous stream of sound fuses into a single perceived entity which persists after the original impulses cease. In artificial reverbs, this time gap prior to the first early reflection echo is referred to as pre-delay. Since they travel a longer path, compared to the direct sound, the amount of time it takes the first reflected sounds to reach our ears gives us clues as to the size and nature of the listening environment. The first reflected sounds to reach a listener's ears are called early reflections. These waves reach the listener's ears first (the exception being electronic pre-echo), followed by sound reflected off surfaces such as walls, ceiling, etc., called echoes. The sound waves that reach the listener's ear directly from the sound source are often referred to as the direct sound. The last perceptible sound to reach your ears in a room with a T 60 of 3 seconds will have circuitously traveled approximately 1 kilometer or ⅔ of a mile! Rooms with long reverb times are called wet and those without are called dry. Concert halls will normally have much longer reverb times than small rooms, normally around a T 60 of 2.5 seconds-maybe not as much as tunnels or Notre Dame de Paris cathedral (pre-fire), which had a reverb time of approximately 6 seconds or more and hopefully will again. This amount of time is called T 60, a term coined by acoustic engineering pioneer Wallace Clement Sabine (1868-1919). A standard measurement of an environment's reverb time is the amount of time required for a sound to fade to -60 dB. The amount of time a sound impulse takes to die away is called the reverb time. Reverb is created naturally in an enclosed environment, but can also be created artificially through electronic means. Reverb is distinguishable from simple multiple echoes, such as shouting into a canyon might produce, by the rapid build-up of reflective density to a point the individual reflections are indistinguishable. While it may occur continuously during the course of a sonic event, it is most noticeable and measurable after the source impulse has ended. When the sphere intersects a wall, it'll create a whole series of reflections all along the wall, smearing out the signal.įor the late reflections, the sound has had time to bounce around multiple times, getting more smeared out each time.Reverberation or reverb is the prolongation of sound waves via reflection and refraction. The direct sound travels more or less as a sphere from its point of origin. Later reflections will have bounced off 2 or more walls.Īnd lastly, why are early reflections more spaced out than late reflections? As shown in the image below. Although the first reflection will generally be straight off the back wall. The reflection time says something about all 3 dimensions of the room, but can't distinguish between them. If this is steeper than the room decay rate, you could hear the reflections over the original sound.Īlso, do early reflections dictate if a space is long/short or does it also dictate if a room is high/short and/or wide/narrow? You can draw a similar slope for the decay rate of the instrument. In the graph in the question, a slope is drawn for the decay rate of the room. Although this depends on the exact decay characteristics of the instrument. a single clap will generate audible reflections sooner than a piano tone with the Sustain pedal pressed. A long decay time means the direct sound can be louder than the early reflections.Į.g. ![]() In addition to the other answers, this also depends on the decay time of the original sound. When speaking in terms of reverb, how long do early reflections take to occur/become audible after the direct sound?
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